Steel types
Materials Cast steel
Steel – the versatile material
Cold resistant, heat resistant, non-corrosive, corrosion resistant, wear and heat resistant – the list of properties that make it easier for you to have a unique alloy material steel. The versatility of steel offers numerous steel variants. Available for many permitted uses, e.g. tensile strength up to and high tensile strength of steel. Cast steel is mainly used when the produced parts are exposed to extreme loads. This may mean that high strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, heat resistance or heat resistance are required. SN cast iron offers the right cast steel material incl. related heat treatment with more than 150 active materials for every application. Our experience in various customer areas and informed material knowledge fundamentals enable us to assist you in choosing the right material for your device. In addition to many standardized materials of national, European and international standards, we also produce customer-specific developments for special applications for our customers.
Low-alloy cast steel
The group of non-alloy and low-alloy steels for general applications where the device is subjected to small and medium loads. The materials are normalized or hardened and tempered, which gives them a tensile strength of up to 600 N/mm2 and can reach between 15 to 25% in broken pieces. Steel that contains 0.1 – 0.5% carbon as alloying elements also contains some manganese, silicon and possibly molybdenum. Varieties with a low carbon content and an increased manganese content are especially useful for welding. The standard basis for non-alloyed and low-alloyed steels can be found in DIN EN 10293 “Cast steel for general applications”.
Hardened steel
With hardened steel, a low alloyed steel type is used, in addition to carbon, this type of steel also contains chromium, molybdenum, nickel and vanadium. The addition of these alloy elements promotes hardness at greater wall thickness and improves the mechanical properties and initial resistance of materials. Steels are tempered after casting by undergoing a two-stage heat treatment. This heat treatment significantly increases the hardness of the material. Therefore, an application-oriented approach to the mechanical properties of the material is possible. Hardened steels are described in standard DIN EN10293 (cast steel for general use). Under DIN EN 10213 “Technical delivery conditions for steel castings for, among other things, pressure vessels.
Heat-resistant cast steel
Heat-resistant steel castings are suitable for permanent temperatures of 400 to 600 °C. Heat-resistant steels are usually used in a hardened state. The heat-resistant cast steel is listed in DIN EN 10213 (Technical delivery conditions for steel castings for pressure vessels). Information for strength at high temperatures is also indicated here. Please note: heat-resistant is not heat-resistant (see heat-resistant).
Cold resistant cast steel
For use at low temperatures there is the group of cold-resistant cast steel. Crucially important for these materials, good toughness properties at temperatures below – 10°C. Areas of application are refrigeration and areas such as transport technology and in raw material extraction, furthermore where products and components are exposed to high levels at low temperatures of tax. The standard DIN EN 10213-3 “Technical delivery conditions for steel castings. In part 3 “steel for use at low temperatures”.
Stainless steel casting
Cast steels with increased resistance to chemical stress form the group of stainless cast steels. The high chromium content of at least 12% to 30% ensures a stainless steel type. Other important active ingredients are nickel, molybdenum, niob and copper. Stainless steel can be found under DIN EN 10283 (stainless steel) and in DIN EN 10213 “Technical delivery conditions for steel castings for pressure vessels”, part 4 (stainless steel).
Heat-resistant cast steel
Heat-resistant cast steel is suitable for use at temperatures above 600 °C. Highest permissible operating temperatures reach 1200 °C in some products. Heat-resistant materials can be divided into the groups of austenitic and ferritic materials and the nickel and cobalt zinc alloys. As with the stainless product, chromium is the main alloyed element. The ferritic types contain between 7 and 30% chromium and are suitable for parts with low mechanical loads. The austenitic products contain 18-27% chromium and 9-39% nickel. The nickel and cobalt zinc alloys with approximately 50% nickel or cobalt and high levels of chromium are suitable for the highest thermal and high temperatures. Technical data under DIN EN 10295 “heat-resistant steel”.
Wear-resistant cast steel
Various cast steels are excellent for wear-resistant products. Depending on the type of wear and the extra mechanical and thermal force on the product, different steel types are available. Steel types are used for parts with high dynamic loads. Martensitic cast steels with a higher carbide content can be used for lower strength requirements. The group of Nihard materials includes chromium nickel alloyed cast iron with high wear resistance. The high manganese steel with a carbon content of 1.2% and a manganese of 12% is a classic in wear technology. This group of materials makes it possible to combine high toughness and high wear resistance. The basis for wear-resistant steel made of chrome and chrome-nickel iron can be found in DIN EN 12513 “Wear-resistant cast iron”. The high manganese steel is described in ISO 13521 “Austenitic manganese steel casting”. The steels for wear applications are mainly not standard, some of the possible materials can be found in DIN EN 10293 “steel castings for general applications”, but applications for wear-resistant steel can also be found in the relevant standards for hardened steel DIN EN 10213.
